Introduction
Unix is a multi-user operating system that enables several users to use computer resources at the same time. It was created as a time-sharing system that could serve multiple users at the same time. Unix allows users to communicate directly with computers via a terminal, making it very interactive and allowing them direct control over computer resources. Unix also enables users to share data and applications among themselves. Let’s see the Process State and Transition State in Unix. If you want to learn more about Unix, then join Unix Training in Chennai with certification and placement support for your career development.
Process State in Unix
A process is a running instance of a program. A full program is made up of a collection of procedures.
Unix distinguishes between two types of processes:
- They’re called user processes since they’re run in user mode.
- Kernel processes are those that run in kernel mode.
Process states are the states that a process goes through while working from beginning to end. The following is a list of them.
A newly created process is a newly created process that is not yet ready to run as a result of a system call.
- The process was established by a system call and is not yet ready to be executed.
- The process is in user mode, indicating that it is a user process.
- indicates that the process is executing in kernel mode.
- The process has been terminated or does not exist.
- A process is said to be preempted when it transitions from kernel to user mode.
- It signified that the process has arrived at a point where it is ready to run in memory and is awaiting kernel scheduling.
- The process is ready to run, but there is no available main memory.
- The process has been moved to secondary storage and is currently blocked.
- The process is still in memory (it hasn’t been moved to secondary storage), but it is blocked.
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Process Transitions in Unix
- User-run: The process is currently in user-run mode.
- Kernel-running: The process has been assigned to the kernel and is therefore in kernel mode.
- Prepared to run from memory: The process is also rescheduled to the Kernel after processing in main memory. i.e. the process isn’t running right now, but it’ll start as soon as the kernel schedules it.
- The process is asleep in memory, but it is still there in the main memory. It is awaiting the start of the task.
- The process to be executed will be swapped into the main memory by the CPU, allowing the kernel to schedule it for execution.
- The process is in a sleep state in secondary memory, freeing up space in the main memory for the execution of other processes. Once the task is completed, it may be resumed.
- Preempted: While the first process is transitioning from kernel to user mode, the kernel preempts it for the allocation of another process.
- Created: A new process has been created, but it is not yet running. This is the stage in which all processes begin.
- Zombie: The process has been entirely completed, and an exit call has been enabled.
- As a result, the procedure is no longer active. It does, however, keep a statistical record of the procedure.
- All procedures come to a halt at this point.
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Conclusion
I hope that now you understand the Process State and Process Transitions in Unix, if you want to understand more concepts in Unix, then join FITA Academy because it provides you training from experts and also provides you with certification and placement support for your career development.
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